Maps

Field sampling for biotic, toxicity, and chemical analysis was performed between November 1993 and September 1994. Three major sampling efforts were performed during this time: biota (fish and benthic invertebrates), sediment and pore-water, and surface water. The following is a set of maps depicting sampling location for subtasks within each major sampling group.

• Study Areas (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  The Clinch River Study area includes Melton Hill and Watts Bar Reservoirs which wrap around the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge Reservation. Study subreaches were created to delineate areas of influence from major tributaries or changes in river structure.

• The River Mile Problem
  • The Solution
  • Map of River Miles

• Sampling Locations for Benthic Invertebrate Survey (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map shows were TVA collected benthic invertebrate samples to determine community structure.

• Fish Sampling Locations (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map shows where fish were collected to determine contaminant concentrations in fish flesh and fish community structure.

• Osprey Nest in Poplar Creek (Postscript, Letter Size)

• Sampling Locations for Sediment Toxicity Task (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This is a map or sites where sediment and pore-water was collected to perform toxicity tests with amphipods and mussels. Contaminant analysis and benthic invertebrate sampling was also conducted for these sites.

• Sediment Sampling Locations for Task S1B (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This is a map of sites where sediment and pore-water samples were collected for organic, inorganic, radiological, and physical analysis.

• Average Cs-137 Concentrations with 1 mile intervals in Surface Sediments

  This map depicts the average Cs-137 concentration in surface sediments for 1 mile intervals in the Clinch River Arm of Watts Bar Reservoir. The data used for this representation are from Levine, et. al., 1994.

• Sampling Locations for Source Area Characterization Task (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map shows locations where TVA collected water and surface sediment for screening level analysis. The purpose of this task was to determine if potential non-DOE sources were contributing contaminants to the system.

• Sampling Locations for Water Toxicity Task (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map shows where water samples were collected to perform toxicity tests with fathead minnows and daphnia. Contaminant analysis were also performed on water from these sites.

• Sampling Locations for Biased-Event Water Sampling (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map shows where water samples were collected during spring and summer dry and wet periods. The intent was to collect water during extreme events because that is when the highest contaminant concentration were expect. Samples were analyzed for organic, inorganic, and radiological contaminants in filtered and un-filtered samples. Water was collected from the surface and near the bottom at each location.

• Contaminant Remobilization Study Sampling Locations (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map shows where water samples were collected 1 meter above the sediment surface. The intent of this tasks was to determine if detectable quantities of contaminants were being release from the sediment.

• Sampling Locations for Plume Detection Task (Postscript, Letter Size)

  This map shows where water samples were collected in transects below suspected outfalls of contaminants in Poplar Creek.

• Oak Ridge Reservation Environmental Monitoring (ORREM) Sites (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  ORREM regularly collects water samples from sites depicted in this map, among other sites. Data from these sites were used in the overall evaluation for water charaterization.

• Sampling Locations for Source Area Characterization Task (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map shows locations where TVA collected water and surface sediment for screening level analysis. The purpose of this task was to determine if potential non-DOE sources were contributing contaminants to the system.

A number of studies have been performed on Clinch River sediments over the last 50 years. Oakes, et. al., 1982, and Ashwood, et. al., 1986, both had sufficient information to generate GIS data bases and provide data for additional spatial analysis.

• Oakes Cesium Sampling Locations (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map shows the locations of sediment sample collection during the Oakes et al 1982 study. Sampling was restricted to water less than 15 feet deep due to equipment limitations therefore samples appear to be pushed towards the shoreline. These sediment samples were analyzed by gamma-spectroscopy to determine Cs-137 concentrations in particular.

• Oakes Cesium Sampling - Depth-to-Peak (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map portrays, in relative scale, the depth to highest concentration of Cs-137 in each core. The Cs-137 concentration peak is associated with peak releases from White Oak Lake in the late 50s. Shallow peaks indicate that sediment deposition rates are low or that scouring is occuring. Deep peaks indicates relatively high deposition rates. Note the high variability within adjacent cores.

• Oakes Cesium Sampling - Total Cesium (Postscript, Ledger Size)

  This map portrays, in a relative scale, the total Cs-137 at each sample location.

• Ashwood Sampling Locations (Postscript, Letter Size)

  This map depicts sampling locations for surface sediment samples collected by Ashwood, et. al., 1986. The purpose of this project was to sample along the exposed shorelines and in the tributaries of Poplar Creek and the Clinch River surrounding K-25 to determine where concentrations of contaminants are highest. This data were incorporated into the GIS and, in conjuction with the Phase 2 sediment data, have been useful in identifying sources of various contaminants.